{"id":5047,"date":"2023-04-06T13:57:10","date_gmt":"2023-04-06T13:57:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/healthmag.al\/?p=5047"},"modified":"2023-04-06T14:00:48","modified_gmt":"2023-04-06T14:00:48","slug":"melcia-e-zmadhuar-simptomat-dhe-trajtimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/healthmag.al\/index.php\/2023\/04\/06\/melcia-e-zmadhuar-simptomat-dhe-trajtimi\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zmadhuar: simptomat dhe trajtimi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>M\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zgjeruar ose hepatomegalia: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hepatomegalia (m\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zmadhuar) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje e karakterizuar nga zmadhimi patologjik i m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, pra kur madh\u00ebsia e organit rritet p\u00ebrtej niveleve normale. M\u00ebl\u00e7ia e nj\u00eb t\u00eb rrituri t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb midis 24 dhe 28 cm e gjat\u00eb dhe peshon rreth 1,5 kg: kur zmadhohet, mund t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb 2 kg.<\/p>\n<p>Jo gjithmon\u00eb tregon nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje, si p\u00ebr shembull s\u00ebmundjen e m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb dhjamore, megjithat\u00eb k\u00ebshillohet t\u00eb identifikohen shkaqet e zmadhimit t\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb dhe t&#8217;i n\u00ebnshtrohen kontrolleve periodike.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7rregullim shum\u00eb i shpesht\u00eb n\u00eb popullat\u00eb, mjeku mund t\u00eb njoh\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7i t\u00eb zmadhuar p\u00ebrmes manovrave specifike palpative tashm\u00eb nga ekzaminimi klinik.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pse zmadhohet m\u00ebl\u00e7ia?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u00ebl\u00e7ia mund t\u00eb zmadhohet p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p>shkaqet kongjenitale, d.m.th. \u00e7rregullimi ka qen\u00eb i pranish\u00ebm q\u00eb nga lindja ose p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb historis\u00eb familjare;<\/p>\n<p>shkaqe mjek\u00ebsore, d.m.th t\u00eb shkaktuara nga s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb tilla si staza e gjakut, patologjit\u00eb kardiologjike, cirroza, tumoret, amiloidoza, hemokromatoza, kistat hidatide, mononukleoza, bruceloza, amebiaza, etj.<\/p>\n<p>Steatoza hepatike (m\u00ebl\u00e7ia e dhjamosur) \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje e karakterizuar nga nj\u00eb rritje e v\u00ebllimit t\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb akumulim i tep\u00ebrt i yndyr\u00ebs brenda saj, nj\u00eb gjendje tipike e obez\u00ebve, alkoolist\u00ebve (steatoza alkoolike), diabetik\u00ebt e tipit 2 dhe ata q\u00eb pasojn\u00eb nj\u00eb diet\u00eb e pabalancuar, e pasur me ushqime t\u00eb skuqura dhe t\u00eb yndyrshme. Megjithat\u00eb, kjo s\u00ebmundje nuk duhet t\u00eb ngat\u00ebrrohet me hepatomegalin\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Simptomat e m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb s\u00eb zgjeruar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kur m\u00ebl\u00e7ia zmadhohet, \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrehet sepse zakonisht nuk jep asnj\u00eb shenj\u00eb apo simptom\u00eb. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb, kur rritja e v\u00ebllimit t\u00eb saj \u00ebsht\u00eb e shpejt\u00eb dhe e dukshme, mund t\u00eb perceptojm\u00eb nj\u00eb ndjesi dhimbjeje ose shqet\u00ebsimi n\u00eb an\u00ebn e djatht\u00eb (ulja e m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb), e cila mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsohet me palpim.<\/p>\n<p><strong>N\u00ebse hepatomegalia \u00ebsht\u00eb shenj\u00eb e s\u00ebmundjes s\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, simptomat kryesore do t\u00eb jen\u00eb:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>verdh\u00ebza, pra nj\u00eb ngjyr\u00eb e verdh\u00eb e l\u00ebkur\u00ebs dhe e skler\u00ebs (e bardha e syrit);<\/li>\n<li>urin\u00eb e err\u00ebt;<\/li>\n<li>paaft\u00ebsi ;<\/li>\n<li>nauze ose shqet\u00ebsime t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb tretjes, t\u00eb tilla si urth;<\/li>\n<li>kruajtje e p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsuar e l\u00ebkur\u00ebs, shpesh me njolla t\u00eb kuqe q\u00eb duken si koshere;<\/li>\n<li>ethe e shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb ul\u00ebt;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>N\u00ebse m\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zmadhuar, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb zemr\u00ebs (ulje n\u00eb efikasitetin e sistemit kardiovaskular), simptomat kryesore do t\u00eb jen\u00eb:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>k\u00ebmb\u00ebt dhe k\u00ebmb\u00ebt e fryra;<\/p>\n<p>lodhje;<\/p>\n<p>v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi n\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrje (n\u00eb raste t\u00eb r\u00ebnda).<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse gjat\u00eb vizit\u00ebs mjeku zbulon zmadhimin e m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb n\u00eb palpimin e barkut, ai mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruaj\u00eb analiza t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme q\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb mundur t\u00eb konstatohet n\u00ebse organi funksionon si\u00e7 duhet dhe t\u00eb identifikohet tashm\u00eb shkaku i mundsh\u00ebm. K\u00ebto provime jan\u00eb zakonisht:<\/p>\n<p>analizat e gjakut (p.sh. num\u00ebrimi i gjakut, profili luftarak, bilirubina, transaminazat, sh\u00ebnuesit e hepatitit viral, etj.)<\/p>\n<p>ultratinguj abdominal;<\/p>\n<p>X-ray e gjoksit;<\/p>\n<p>CT e barkut;<\/p>\n<p>biopsi, n\u00eb rastet kur hepatomegalia shkaktohet nga s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Specialisti n\u00eb k\u00ebto raste \u00ebsht\u00eb mjeku hepatolog. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb llojit t\u00eb problemit q\u00eb shkaktoi zmadhimin e m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, mund t\u00eb ia vlen t\u00eb kontaktoni edhe specialist\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, si onkolog, kardiolog ose dietolog.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Si t\u00eb parandaloni zmadhimin e m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Faktor\u00ebt e rrezikut t\u00eb hepatomegalis\u00eb varen kryesisht nga m\u00ebnyra e jetes\u00ebs dhe, p\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb, mund t\u00eb eliminohen ose t\u00eb modifikohen, si p.sh.<\/p>\n<p>Teprica e alkoolit.<\/p>\n<p>Tym .<\/p>\n<p>Pesha e tep\u00ebrt (ose obeziteti).<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrdorimi kronik i medikamenteve ose suplementeve, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht statinave (p\u00ebr t\u00eb ulur nivelet e kolesterolit) dhe amiodaronit (trajtimi i aritmive t\u00eb zemr\u00ebs).<\/p>\n<p>Pavar\u00ebsisht nga prania e s\u00ebmundjeve t\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, ata q\u00eb vuajn\u00eb nga hepatomegalia duhet t\u00eb shmangin alkoolin, duhanin dhe t\u00eb mbajn\u00eb sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb pesh\u00ebn normale, duke kryer aktivitet fizik t\u00eb rregullt dhe duke ndjekur nj\u00eb diet\u00eb t\u00eb ekuilibruar, t\u00eb pasur me fruta dhe perime. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb hani m\u00eb shum\u00eb se sa konsumoni (balanca e energjis\u00eb).<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb rast t\u00eb terapis\u00eb me medikamente ose suplemente q\u00eb mund t\u00eb rrezikojn\u00eb sh\u00ebndetin e m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, k\u00ebshillohet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet marrja e tyre, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 rasteve kur rekomandohet rrept\u00ebsisht nga mjeku. N\u00ebse ju jan\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar medikamente q\u00eb tentojn\u00eb t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb hepatomegali, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t&#8217;i p\u00ebrmbaheni dozave dhe koh\u00ebrave t\u00eb administrimit t\u00eb treguara nga mjeku juaj.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sh\u00ebrimi i m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb s\u00eb zmadhuar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kur m\u00ebl\u00e7ia \u00ebsht\u00eb zmadhuar, jo p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundjeje specifike apo faktor\u00ebve t\u00eb shumt\u00eb, ndryshimi i stilit t\u00eb jetes\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb e vetmja m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr ta rikthyer at\u00eb n\u00eb normalitet. P\u00ebr t\u00eb tentuar t\u00eb normalizoni m\u00ebl\u00e7in\u00eb, nuk rekomandohen metoda &#8220;b\u00ebje vet\u00eb&#8221; dhe disa indikacione t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara nga reklamat, si marrja e substancave &#8220;depurative&#8221; ose suplemente t\u00eb pa recet\u00ebn e mjekut. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, rekomandohet t\u00eb ndiqni nj\u00eb diet\u00eb \u201ct\u00eb leht\u00eb\u201d, e cila lejon m\u00ebl\u00e7in\u00eb t\u00eb mos mbingarkoj\u00eb veten, duke arritur t\u00eb metabolizoj\u00eb mir\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb hani. Rekomandohet gjithashtu nj\u00eb diet\u00eb e q\u00ebndrueshme, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb L.O.Ve. (lacto-ovo-vegjetarian), e cila ofron 4 menu falas pa mish, por t\u00eb balancuara n\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00eb ushqyese.<\/p>\n<p>Diet\u00eb p\u00ebr m\u00ebl\u00e7i t\u00eb zmadhuar dhe t\u00eb dhjamosur<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb mos mbingarkuar m\u00ebl\u00e7in\u00eb, e cila tashm\u00eb mund t\u00eb testohet nga s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb tjera, \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb ndiqni k\u00ebto rregulla t\u00eb thjeshta.<\/p>\n<p><strong>M\u00ebsoni t\u00eb gatuani:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Shmangni p\u00ebrgatitjet e p\u00ebrpunuara dhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb gatuara, me salca t\u00eb pasura me yndyr\u00eb, dips etj. Preferoni gatimet e thjeshta, si p.sh. zierja me avull, pjekja, pjekja n\u00eb skar\u00eb ose n\u00eb tenxhere me presion, er\u00ebza me vaj ulliri ekstra t\u00eb virgj\u00ebr dhe shmangia e arom\u00ebs duke p\u00ebrdorur shum\u00eb krip\u00eb, salca dhe yndyrna (gjalp\u00eb dhe vaj). P\u00ebr t\u00eb shijuar pjatat e para ose puret\u00eb e perimeve, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb krip\u00ebs mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret Grana Padano DOP e grir\u00eb, e cila gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit pak\u00ebsohet, pra n\u00eb djath\u00eb mbetet rreth gjysma e yndyr\u00ebs s\u00eb qum\u00ebshtit t\u00eb plot\u00eb me t\u00eb cilin b\u00ebhet. P\u00ebrve\u00e7se jep nj\u00eb shije t\u00eb holl\u00eb, ofron proteina me vler\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb biologjike, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i pasur me kalcium dhe vitamina t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme si B12.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ushqimet q\u00eb duhen shmangur me m\u00ebl\u00e7in\u00eb e zmadhuar:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pijet alkoolike, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ver\u00ebn dhe birr\u00ebn. K\u00ebshillohet q\u00eb k\u00ebto pije t\u00eb eliminohen nga dieta n\u00ebse m\u00ebl\u00e7ia \u00ebsht\u00eb e d\u00ebmtuar.<\/p>\n<p>Ushqime t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitura, ushqime t\u00eb skuqura, ushqime t\u00eb shpejta, salca si ketchup dhe BBQ, por edhe \u00ebmb\u00eblsira t\u00eb pasura me yndyr\u00eb, sheqerna, pije me sheqer.<\/p>\n<p>Yndyra e dukshme nga mishi, proshuta, l\u00ebkura e pul\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>Salsi\u00e7e t\u00eb yndyrshme si sallam, cotechino etj., t\u00eb hahen her\u00eb pas here.<\/p>\n<p>Qum\u00ebsht i plot\u00eb, djath\u00ebra yndyror\u00eb si mascarpone, krem \u200b\u200betj., gjithashtu t\u00eb konsumohen her\u00eb pas here.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ushqimet q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb mira p\u00ebr m\u00ebl\u00e7in\u00eb:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7do dit\u00eb, n\u00eb \u00e7do vakt, nj\u00eb porcion me perime t\u00eb pap\u00ebrpunuara ose t\u00eb ziera, fruta (2 ose 3 fruta t\u00eb stin\u00ebs n\u00eb dit\u00eb) dhe drith\u00ebra. K\u00ebto ushqime rrisin marrjen e fibrave p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar transitin e zorr\u00ebve dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb tretur m\u00eb mir\u00eb yndyrnat.<\/p>\n<p>Kos me pak yndyr\u00eb, qum\u00ebsht i skremuar, rikota, djath\u00ebra t\u00eb fresk\u00ebt me m\u00eb pak se 25% yndyr\u00eb (lexoni etiketat). N\u00eb rast t\u00eb intoleranc\u00ebs ndaj laktoz\u00ebs, p\u00ebrdorni produkte pa laktoz\u00eb ose Grana Padano DOP, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb natyrisht pa laktoz\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Peshku, arrat (arrat, bajamet) dhe farat, sepse p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb yndyrna t\u00eb mira.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fihealth.al <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.educazionenutrizionale.granapadano.it\/it\/alimentazione\/articoli\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zgjeruar ose hepatomegalia: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb? Hepatomegalia (m\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zmadhuar) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje e karakterizuar nga zmadhimi patologjik i m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, pra kur madh\u00ebsia e organit rritet p\u00ebrtej niveleve normale. M\u00ebl\u00e7ia e nj\u00eb t\u00eb rrituri t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb midis 24 dhe 28 cm e gjat\u00eb dhe peshon rreth 1,5 kg: kur zmadhohet, mund t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5048,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5047","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-news-experts"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>M\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zmadhuar: simptomat dhe trajtimi - Health Mag<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/healthmag.al\/index.php\/2023\/04\/06\/melcia-e-zmadhuar-simptomat-dhe-trajtimi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zmadhuar: simptomat dhe trajtimi - Health Mag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"M\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zgjeruar ose hepatomegalia: \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb? Hepatomegalia (m\u00ebl\u00e7ia e zmadhuar) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje e karakterizuar nga zmadhimi patologjik i m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, pra kur madh\u00ebsia e organit rritet p\u00ebrtej niveleve normale. 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